Traffic indicator



Feb' 15'1927- @gms A. J. WEHR ET AL TRAFFIC INDIQATQR Filed Jan. 2, 192e 2 sheets-s112261 1 Fels. 15,l 19127.v 1,617,358

A. .1. WE1- 1R ET A1. TRAFFIC INDICATOR Filed Jan. 2, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY u/,ATToRNEm rammed Feb. 15, 19.27.

vUNITED STATES ARTHUR J. WEER, AMORY V. ELIOT, AND JOHN W. SEEIERES,

NEW JERSEY.

OF FORT MONMOUTH,

vTRAFFIC INDICATOR.

` This invention relates to' signals.

' -An object of our invention is to provide a signal comprising two or more colored sections forindicating danger, .caution and the 5 like, which is efcctiveat night-time Without the requirement of lighting energy and is 'visiblein-daytime.

, A further feature vprovision :of a plurality of4 colored faces and 1H mountingmeans therefor arran ed to locate v the faces at varied. angles witi respect to the' pointsiof the compass and to` correspond :generallyorjprecisely to the angles of inter- 'l A-: section l' ,Jfv;vv or more roadways and to the 15.,.anc1e *.oflidivergence of curved roadways.

he' coloring of the signal faces may be luniform to indicate danger-or-rnay be of dif- ,j' ferentfcolors to indicate relativev degrees 'of danger.,v .L l

I j?? Pursuant'to the vmost preferred form of jourji'nventi'om the signal .ssnpported by a vertical standard arranged-.tobe embedded finconcre'te, earth r on' astand at the interrored'lfaces'vbearing lrespectively red, green landl yellowl coloring, lndicatin correspond.

" posit-ioningthe colored reflecting faces relative to the standard and liphtshieldmg partitions between the coloredffaces.. The three indications orfinstructions.' IThe.signal, is accordinglyvisi-ble at night-by the light. fur- .nishedby the-headliglitsofthe automobile .of any `prticular" 'driverlandjbringing .to

priately indicatingsignal .face Vwhich. is po- '1. sitioned in accordance with the nature` of .thev

danger-arising by ;reason ofthe'angle of .the ,40' Crossing or'cnrve ottlie roadway: A tday- ,t1 ne tlieflegible. indicationjis also vljsible to y approa hi1ig ,1tliefl`signal and the.V indication r given vthe*driver -byysu'clij illuminated sigri'alf-face predicatestlie" degree 'ofdanger. y

" f lployed,.interposed between the front face of Vour invention -is the 'types of traffic conditions;

signal -acesg also bear'- respectively legible view of snchz partcurap-drivery-i the approf' the following'vdetail description and theaccompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a form of signal comprising three-light-reflecting faces, embodying our invention;

F ig; 1a is a detail sectional elevation on line 1**-1a of Fig. 1; r Fig. 2'. is a top plan View oFg. 1, on a reduced scale;

ing the three light-reflecting faces at a varied an Ale as compared with Fig. 2;

igs. 4,5 and 6 are diagrams indicating the use of our invention for three different Fig. 7 is a top perspective `View fcation of our invention; and

Figs.` 8 and 9 are diagrams showing varied "trafiic conditions in the useofour slgnal Fig. 3 is a top plan View of Fig. 1, shovvof a modi-v. 1

prises three reflecting faces, the central fac'e being designated 10, the left-hand face 1-1.

and the right-handface 12. Preferab1y,lthe central .lighterelecting face 10 is colored red,

which may be attained by the use-of red glass. The left-hand vlight-reflecting face v11 may be red or .maybe green as preferred.

'The right-hand .face may be yellowv or red as preferred. Y

E hreecting .face 10, 11, 12 is formed of glass colored with tbe appropriate coloring matter. The glass may be of iutedformation, that is to say, of a series of substantially' parallel, vertically extending curved concaves, for the purpose of providing a plurality of face portions which individually 'serve as reflecting 'areas extending overa wide angular range toproject light rays fto -the eyes of a particular driver from a headlightof the lautomobile of the particular driver or of another automobile; The y,

glass face material may be Vintegral for each face, or may be formed of aynumberof glass strips, 'as will' be apparent. 4 'Eachglass strip 1s mounted in a suitable frame 13 of steel and suitably-secured therein. A backing mirror 11'L i'spreferably emofthe frame 13 and the glass face of the signal, to'increase the de of reection.

If desired, each face of the signal may be reflecting for only a portion of its height, the remaining portion as indicated at 14 bearing a written indication such as the Word slow or other appropriate designation or instruction.

Preferably, between each face of the signal we provide a partition 15 of non-transparent material, lsuch as non-corrosive metal. The frames of the faces 10, 11 and 12 are hinged to one another. as, for example, by means of spaced ears 16, 17, secured to or integral with the frame at the left-hand edge of the central face 10 and the ear 18 secured to or integral with the frame of the left-hand face 11, the bolt 19 passing through said ears 16, 17, 18 and secured by its nut 20. Similar, spaced ears 16 and 17 are pro-v vided at the right-hand edge of the frame of the central face 10 and the ear 19 secured v which are received respectively between the aforesaid set of ears, 16, 17 and 18 and the ears 16, 17, 19, the bolts 19, 21 respectively passing also through the sets of ears 23.

The adjustment of the angles of the planes of the respective signal faces 10, 11,12 is attained by'means of a set of eye-arms 24, 25,

respectively provided with right and left threadings at their adjacent ends and receivjso ing corresponding threadings of the vturnbuckle 26. The eye of the eye-arm 24 is pivotally secured to the headed pin 27 at the upper edge of the central signal face 1() and the eye of the eye-bar 25 pivotally secured to the headed pin 28 at the upper edge of the left-hand signal face 11. The eye-arms 24, 25 are similarlyemployed for the adjustment of the right-hand signal face 12 relative to the central signal face 1() and like parts are indicated b v like-reference numbers with the suflix a.

The support for the signal `as an entirety is conveniently had by the provision of the eye-bar 30, to the upper end of which the signal 32 is secured in any suitable manner as by riveting, welding or the like. The lower end of the eye-bar 30 is embedded in concrete, earth or on a stand. For attaining enhanced 'rigidity between the respectively movable signal faces 10,11, 12, a set of eye-arms 31,

' 32 may be employed, coacting with the turnbuckle 33. he eye of the eye-arm 31 is lheld to the bolt 34 tapped in a suitably threaded opening in the casing of the'lefthand signal face 11 and the eye of the eyearm 32 is similar] secured to the bolt 35. tapped in a suita lyV 4threaded opening in the frame of the right-hand signal'face 12. j In Fig. 1 the respective signal faces 10, 11 and 12 are adjusted to substantially equal angular relation for the left-hand and righthand signal faces 11, 12 respectively relative y to the central signal face 10. In Fig. 2 the angular relation of the left-hand face 11 relative to the central face 10 is at a greater obtuse angle than the angular. relation of the right-hand face 12 relative to the central face 10. The form of our invention as illustrated in Fig. 1 is applicable for lpositioning the signal faces to form so as to speak a re-entrant angle with one another as is illustrated in F ig. 3, in which circumstance the sets of eye-bars-` and turn-buckles are disposed Aforwardly of the reflecting faces 10, 11, 12. Such adjusted form of our invention is' applicable for the bends of a curved or other irregular roadway, as appears more fully hereinafter.

In Fig. 4 there is illustrated diagram- 85 matically the roadway 37 meeting theroadway 38 at a so-called blindcorner 39. Our signal is indicated at 4()l and the signal faces adjusted relatively to one another in correspondence to the angle of intersection of the roadways 37, 39, in this instance, as' shown in Fig. 1. 41 indicates an automobile which is approaching the blind corner` 39, and the approximate area of the lighting of its headlights is indicated by thev diverging lines 42, 43. Upon the approach of the-automobile 41 to the signal 40, the lighting of its lheadli hts illuminates the central signal'face 10, t us showing red or danger to the driver of the automobile 41.

Assuming no automobile to be within the range of lighting of the signal 40, the driver of the automobile 41 sees solely the lighting effect by the headlights of his own vautomobile 41. The lighting effect' to such auto- 105 more the right-hand signal face .12, the

illumination of which increases more and more as his automobile -41 approaches the blind corner 39, the partition 15 between 115 the central lighted face 10 and the righthand face '12 appearing'as a shadow between' the two'ligh'ting faces 10, 12. f

Now, assuming anotherautomobile 44 to be'travelling along the roadway 37 toward 120 the blind corner39, and also assuming for the moment that the aforesaid automobile 41 is not on the roadway 38, the headlights of the automobile 44 will illuminate the right-hand signal Vface' 12 of the signal 40 125 and present the same to the view of its driver. The plane of the lighted signal face 12 is in this instance at right angles to the general direction of travel of the automobile 44, thus indicating dungen lf thecolor '130 acimae indication of yellow is employed for the right-hand face 12, such color indication shows caution, a symbol which might be employed for the trailic condition of a blind 44 approaches the blind corner 39 portion of the increased illumination being effected by a portion furnished by the light waves of the headlights of thautomobile 41which last-named portion increases as the automobile 41 itself approaches the signal 40.

In Fig. 5 the use of our signal `is in y dicated at the'y three-corners 47, 48 and 49 of the threeicornered intersection of t-he roadwaysy 50, 51, 52. In this instance the signal faces 10, 11 and 12 are set to coirespond ap roximately to the respective langles of t e three-corner intersection 4of the roadways 50, 51, 52. The headlights of .mobile 56 is approaching the 'automobile Y53 upon approaching the three-comers effects the illumination of the signal 48, which alone is within the range of lighting ofA its headlights indicated in lighting area by the diverging lines 54, 55. The driver' of the automobile 53 upon ap'- pi'oaching within visibility of the signal 48 sees'both its central and its left-hand5 signal faces illuminated and the two lighting areas separated by a shadow causedby the interveningpartition 15, thereby indicating an an le between the roadways at the' intersection. Upon further approach ofv the automobile 53 to the signal 48, the right-V hand face 12 of the signal 48 will become more and more illuminated, the three lighted areas indicating to the driver that a three-way intersection is being approached. In the event that anotherautomobile is on either two roadways 50, 52,v or an automobile on both roadwa s 50, 52, as .discussed hereinafter, the illumination of the righthand signal face 12 or` of the-left-hand signal face 11 respectively, or both, as the case may be, then the illumination is further increased in'intensity.

However, in the event that another auto'- along rthe roadway 50 toward thel t range vof vits lighting indicated by the diverging lines '57, 58 brings the right-hand face 12 of the signal 48 to the view of the operator of the automobile 56 when looking forwardly. In the event that the operator of the automobile 56 should glance toward his left, the central face of the signal 47 and the right-hand face of the si l 49 Will be B180 brought to view, thusiniting ywell as the roadway -60 toward the bend 61 in a direction ree-corners, the

vwaves by double reflection that is that the roadways 52, 51 respectively turn at an angle to-the roadway 56. The illumination of the three spaced signals should indicate a. three-corner, non-irighbangle intersection.

Fig. 5 is effective for automobiles approaching along the roadway 52 toward the threecorners and the indication effected bythe respective faces of thesignal 49 shows the relative dangers attending the approach of the automobile according to the yhazards arisingy by'fthe approachl of such automobile or of ...th'ejapproach simultaneously. of the i automobiles along the roadways 51, 50 as 52-` v. l In Fig. 6 is illustrated aroadway 60 which curved at the location 61 and at the.bend

ofthe curve`61 is appropriately positioned the signal 6 2a embodying our invention. In this instancethe three signal faces vof the signal l6 2a are set in accordance with 'the angle of the bend,.namely makin reventrant"v angle of the general relationship il-y lustrated in Fig. 3. The headli hts of the .automobile ,63 cast light ra s o the lrange indicated by the diverging lines 64, 65, thus directly illuminating the'right-hand signal face, a portion of the reflection of the light waves beingl visible to the driver of the auto- .70 vThe signal 49 at the location shown in mobile 63 and a remaining portion of the light waves being reflected to the left-hand signal face of the si al 62* and again reflected by the latter 1n the direction of the continuation of the roadway 60 in advance of the position of the signal 62a and in the direction forwardly of the automobile 63, -thereby bringing to the view of the op; erator of another automobile 64 which,` we will assume, is travelling along the roadway posite to that of the automobile 63.

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The use of our invention at such a bend or the like of a roadway, with the lateral signal faces positioned to cause av double reflection of thelightwaves from one lateral signal face to another lateral si 'nal face, to.

project the finally reflected ligt waves in a direction forwardly vof the headlights of vthe automobile furnishing the illumination, 'is of an advantage to pedestrians or other parties travelling along the roadway without a headlight or other illumination, thus enabling such pedestrian or other party to see around a corner and to be apprised of the ti'aic conditions.

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Should there beanother automobile say.y

theautomobile 64, the illumination furnished by its headlights" serves to project light for all three faces, the nature of the hazards arising from the particular circumstances of the roadway and of the traffic conditions is indicated by the area Yor areas illuminated and the angle between the illuminated areas indicated by the relative effective areas of illumination, as the circumstances may arise. With the use of di'erent coloring for the three signal faces, namely red for the central signal face, green for the left-hand signal face and yellow for the right-hand signal face, the indication is emphasized by the numberof colors rendered visible.

Our invention is also applicable for the use of a signaljdisposed at substantiallythc center, of the intersection of two or more roadways. In the form of our invention represented in Fig. 7, the post 70 is of metal or other suitable material, the lower end of lwhich is `embedded. in concrete, earth, or in a metal stand. The post is preferably of dual construction, namely a T-post 70a. at

one side, a similar T-post 70b at the opposite side and interconnected by the oppositely applied plates 7 0, respectively secured to the posts 7 0a, 7 (lb b rivets or the like.

To the post Oa is secured la set of sivnal faces, such as three in number, corresponding to the signal faces of the construction shown in Fig. 1 and like parts are indicated by like reference numbers.

l The post 70" similarly carries another set of similar signal faces, such as three in number, of the form shown in Fig. 1, and like parts of this signal are indicated by like 'reference numbers.

The total number of such signal faces is accordingly six, but it will be understood that an additional signal face may be pivotally secured to the outermost edge of, say,

the left-hand signal face 11 of the set of 86 signals, carried b the posts 7 O, and similarly at the right-han edge, as a pears in Fig. 7,

I of the opposite signal 11 o the set of signals carried by the post 70", (which si nal face 11 from the front appears Aas the efthand signal of the latter-named set), thus providing for eight signal faces, and such number may be increased as may be desired.

As one form of use of our signal of the type shown in Fig. 7, we have illustrated in Fig. 8 the same located at the intersection of the roadways 76, 77 which cross at substantially right angles. The signal is shown at 78 substantially centrally of the area of the roadway intersection.. Assuming the automobile 79 to be travelling along the roadway 77 toward the intersection and the lighting area of its headlights indicated by the diverging lines 80, 81,'and assuming no other automobile to be within lighting range of the signal 78, the driver of the automobile 79 erceives atleast two lighted faces of the signal, separated by the dark spacing eected by its intervening non-transremesa diverging lines 83, 84 will also add illumination to the already lighted signal faces illumined by the headlights of the automobile 79 and oneI or more additional lighted` faces will become visible to the driver of the automobile 79 arising from the illumination of the headlights of automobile 82.

I In F ig. 9 the intersection of the roadways 7G, 77 is similar as in Fig. 8, and the signal 78 is indicated substantially centrally of Y the intersectional area. The automobile 79- is shown travelling along the roadway 77 and approaching the intersection. Another automobile 85 is shown on the roadway 76 approaching the signal 78 in a direction to the left of the driver of the automobile 79. In this instance, an additional lighted area to the left of the areas lighted by the headlights of the automobile 79 will be visible to the driver of the automobile 79, due to the lighting by the headlights of the automobile 85 A third V.automobile is shown at 86 ap proaching the intersection to the left of the driver of the automobile 85 and corresponding added indications are given by additional lighted faces of the signal 78 to the driver of the automobile 86 due to the lighting effected by the headlights of theautomobile .Figi 9 also illustrates the traffic indication given to the driver of the automobile 85 arising from the lighting of the two automobiles 79, 86 approaching along the roadway 77 from opposite directions toward the signal 78, namely, in the form of the maximum number of four, in this instance, of lighted faces of the signal 78, and a highly intensified illumination of the two central lighted faces arising from the combined illumination respectively of the headlights of the oppositely approaching automobiles 79, 86.. p

lit will be understood that the angular relationship of the right-hand and left-hand signal faces respectively relative to the ccntral signal face for each of the sets of signal faces carried by the posts 7 0a and 70", may be varied as desired, and including the relationship of re-entrant angle of the character illustrated in Fig. 3 and diagrammed at 62a in F ig. 6, and that generally'the relationship between the angles of the lateral signal faces relative to the central signal face of llO 's for each signal face is smooth on both its front andv rear faces. With those of glass smooth on both faces, colored as desired, and a reflector interposed between the rear face of the glass and the frame of the signal, the direction of -the reflected rays is vmore sharply defined.

It will be understood that suitable sheetsv of metal may be positioned forwardly of the front faces of the glass, as of general triangular shape, for the purpose of protecting the glass at the edges .when contacted by automobiles, or stones or other missiles wantonly or accidentally thrown.

Whereas, we have described ourinvention by reference to specific forms thereof, 1t will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made withoutjdeparting from the spirit of the invention.'

l. In a traflic signal, supporting means, a signal face carried by said supporting means, a second 'signal face hinged to said firstnamed signal face, a third signalface disposed opposite to said second-named signal face and hinged to said first-named signal y .face and adjustable connecting. means mechanically connecting' 'said .second-named signal face .and said third srgnal face respectively with vsaid first-named slgnaLface at locations remote from said hinges.

2. In a trafiic signal, supporting means,A

a signal face carried. by said supporting means, a second-named signal face disposed at the left-hand side of said first-named signal face, hinged means connecting said second-'named signal face with said firstvnamed signal face, a pair of eye arms and aturn buckle adjustably connecting said second-named signal face with said firstnamed signal face, a third-named signal face disposed at the right-hand side of said firstnamed signal face, hinged means connecting said third-named signal face with said first-v named signalface anda pair of eye arms anda turn buckle adjustably connecting said third-named y signal y face with said firstnamed signal face. i

3. In a ti'afiic signal, supporting means, a

signal face carried by said supporting means, l

a second signal face,'a partition disposed between said first-named signal tace and said .second-named signal face, and projecting forwardly of said faces and-common pivotal means for carrying said partition and for connecting said second-named signal face to said first-named signal face, a third signal face, a partition between said third signal face and first-named signal face, projecting forwardly of said third signal face and said first-named signal face, and common ivotal means for carrying said second-name partition and for connecting said third-named signal face to said first-named signal lface, adjustable means connecting said second'- named signal face with said first-named signal face and adjustable means connecting said third-named signal face with said firstnamed signal face.

4. In a traffic signal, supporting means, a signal face carried by said supporting means, a'second signal face, a non-transparent partition disposed between said first-named sigsaid third-named signal face, common means for carryin said first-named non-transparent partition and pivotally connect.' ng said third-named signal face, adjustable means connectin said second-named signalv face with said dist-named signal face and adjustable means connecting said thirdnamed signal face with said first-named.

signal face.

5. In a-traffic. signal, supporting'meana-,a

signal face fxedly .carried by said support'- ing means', a second signal face, a non-reflecting partition, common means for hingedly supporting said partition between and to projectv forwardly of said first-named signal face and said second-named signal face and for hinging said second-named si nal face to said first-named'signal face, a t ird signal face, means for pivotally connecting said third signal face to 'said'first-named signal face, adjustable means for settingthe face of said second-named signal face relative to the face of said first-named signal face and adjustable means for setting the face of said third-named signal face relative to the face of said first-named signal face.

In testimony whereof-we have' si ed this specification this `14th. day'of Octo er 1925. i

ARTHUR J. WEHR. AMoRY v. ELIo'r,

JOHN W. sHEEREs.

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